Table of Contents

• Operators
• C# Operators
• Types of Operators
• References
• Conclusion

Operators

So In this chapter we are going to discuss about C# operators in detail but going to know about topic let’s discuss what is operator & why we use it.

Operators are used in any programming language to perform operations on variables and values.

C# Operators

Now there are a lots of basic C# Operators which are used to perform basic operation on variable & values such as addition , subtraction , multiplication and much more!

Types of Operators

There are a lot’s of types of C# Operators see below the list of these operator we will discuss each of them.

Arithmetic Operators

• Addition (+)
• Subtraction (-)
• Multiplication (*)
• Division (/)
• Modulus (%)

Code

int num1 = 10;
int num2 = 5;

int sum = num1 + num2;         // Addition
int difference = num1 - num2;  // Subtraction
int product = num1 * num2;     // Multiplication
int quotient = num1 / num2;    // Division
int remainder = num1 % num2;   // Modulus

Relational Operators

• Equality (==)
• Inequality (!=)
• Greater Than (>)
• Less Than (<)
• Greater Than or Equal To (>=)
• Less Than or Equal To (<=)

Code

int a = 5;
int b = 7;

bool isEqual = (a == b);      // Equality
bool isNotEqual = (a != b);   // Inequality
bool isGreaterThan = (a > b); // Greater Than
bool isLessThan = (a < b);    // Less Than
bool isGreaterOrEqual = (a >= b);  // Greater Than or Equal To
bool isLessOrEqual = (a <= b);     // Less Than or Equal To

Logical Operators

• Logical AND (&&)
• Logical OR (||)
• Logical NOT (!)

Code

bool x = true;
bool y = false;

bool resultAnd = x && y;   // Logical AND
bool resultOr = x || y;    // Logical OR
bool resultNotX = !x;      // Logical NOT
bool resultNotY = !y;

Bitwise Operators

• Bitwise AND (&)
• Bitwise OR (|)
• Bitwise XOR (^)
• Bitwise NOT (~)
• Left Shift (<<)
• Right Shift (>>)

Code

int m = 5;  // 0101 in binary
int n = 3;  // 0011 in binary

int resultAnd = m & n;     // Bitwise AND (0001)
int resultOr = m | n;      // Bitwise OR  (0111)
int resultXor = m ^ n;     // Bitwise XOR (0110)
int resultNotM = ~m;       // Bitwise NOT (11111010)
int leftShifted = m << 1;  // Left Shift (1010, equivalent to multiplying by 2)
int rightShifted = m >> 1; // Right Shift (0010, equivalent to dividing by 2)

Assignment Operators

• Assignment (=)
• Addition Assignment (+=)
• Subtraction Assignment (-=)
• Multiplication Assignment (*=)
• Division Assignment (/=)
• Modulus Assignment (%=)
• Bitwise AND Assignment (&=)
• Bitwise OR Assignment (|=)
• Bitwise XOR Assignment (^=)
• Left Shift Assignment (<<=)
• Right Shift Assignment (>>=)

Code

int num = 10;

num += 5;  // Addition Assignment (num = num + 5)
num -= 3;  // Subtraction Assignment (num = num - 3)
num *= 2;  // Multiplication Assignment (num = num * 2)
num /= 4;  // Division Assignment (num = num / 4)
num %= 3;  // Modulus Assignment (num = num % 3)
num &= 1;  // Bitwise AND Assignment (num = num & 1)
num |= 8;  // Bitwise OR Assignment (num = num | 8)
num ^= 6;  // Bitwise XOR Assignment (num = num ^ 6)
num <<= 2; // Left Shift Assignment (num = num << 2)
num >>= 1; // Right Shift Assignment (num = num >> 1)

Conditional Operator

• Conditional (Ternary) Operator (?:)

Code

int age = 20;
string result = (age >= 18) ? "Adult" : "Minor";

Type Cast Operator

• Explicit Type Cast (cast_type)
• as Operator (as)

Code

double doubleValue = 10.5;
int intValue = (int)doubleValue; // Explicit Type Cast

object obj = "Hello";
string str = obj as string;      // as Operator

Null Coalescing Operator

• Null Coalescing Operator (??)

Code

string name = null;
string result = name ?? "John";  // If name is null, use "John" as the default

Member Access Operator

• Member Access (.)

Code

public class Person
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

Person person = new Person();
person.Name = "Alice";

string name = person.Name; // Member Access

Indexer Access Operator

• Indexer Access ([])

Code

public class MyCollection
{
    private string[] data = { "A", "B", "C" };
    
    public string this[int index]
    {
        get { return data[index]; }
        set { data[index] = value; }
    }
}

MyCollection collection = new MyCollection();
string value = collection[1];  // Indexer Access

Other Operators

• is Operator (is)
• sizeof Operator (sizeof)
• typeof Operator (typeof)

Code

string text = "Hello";
bool isString = text is string; // is Operator

int size = sizeof(int);         // sizeof Operator

Type type = typeof(string);     // typeof Operator

References

1. Microsoft C# Documentation: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/
2. C# Operators (C# Programming Guide): https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/statements-expressions-operators/operators

Conclusion

In conclusion, C# operators are fundamental elements of the language that enable developers to perform various operations on data. They range from basic arithmetic and logical operators to more advanced bitwise and conditional operators. Understanding how to use and manipulate operators efficiently is crucial for writing clean and efficient C# code. By mastering these operators, developers can harness the full power of the language and build robust software applications.

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